Diabetes is a serious health condition, which is not treated, can lead to heart disease, blindness, kidney failure and other complications that threaten life.
Interview: Silvana BALLIU
Recent years diabetes has become one of the most feared diseases with high tendency to touch the young. Not feeding properly, hormone foods, sedentary life, and a host of other reasons, have caused the number of diabetics in Albania and Kosovo to reach high levels, although we have no accurate reports from the relevant state institutions. In an exclusive interview with the newspaper health completely character, "Super Health", talks about the latest news about diabetes, Ass. dr. Merita Amin Sadiq, MSc, PhD internist-endocrinologist-diabetologe.
We all talk about the disease of diabetes, but is actually a diabetes, or is a malfunction of the body?
Diabetes mellitus (diabetes mellitus) is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by increased levels of blood sugar and accompanied with carbohydrate metabolism disorders (sugars), fats and proteins. This disorder or rather, the disease is due to the failure of insulin secretion, its action, both together or complete lack of insulin secretion, which is a hormone that is rightly considered the key to the introduction of glucose into the cell. Therefore, when taking into account all the features of this disorder, we can say that diabetics body does not function normally, exactly all that I said above, about the action of insulin, the hormone that is normally secreted by the pancreas.
Is it true that untreated diabetes in time, can cause severe damage to the eyes and heart patients?
Certainly yes, but not only, because this disease also affects other organs, except for the eyes and heart. So the young girls affected small and large vessels, nerves are affected, then affected other organs too important for our body, such as the kidney and the brain. All these injuries in organs and organ systems come as a result of increased blood sugar, from improper control of this disease, which 50% is dependent on self-care, which should make for diabetic patients in making healthy food , regular physical activity, personal therapy, and if necessary taking regular insulin.
Certainly yes, but not only, because this disease also affects other organs, except for the eyes and heart. So the young girls affected small and large vessels, nerves are affected, then affected other organs too important for our body, such as the kidney and the brain. All these injuries in organs and organ systems come as a result of increased blood sugar, from improper control of this disease, which 50% is dependent on self-care, which should make for diabetic patients in making healthy food , regular physical activity, personal therapy, and if necessary taking regular insulin.
Persons affected by this disease have any hope of escape, or are forced to admit that now must coexist rest of life, keeping diabetes under control?
While they are diagnosed with the disease of diabetes, as soon be convinced that they need to adjust to the changing demands of lifestyle, the better. When are this lifestyle change, think about making healthy food, regular physical activity every day or at least 2-3 times a week (here I refer to different physical activities, or at least walk 2-3 times a week, at least 20 minutes), regular control of glycemia, and continued receiving diabetes therapy. Meanwhile, people who are not sick from diabetes, but are at greater risk to develop the disease, I'm talking about overweight and obese people, those with a family history of diabetes should also be careful, changing the style their life and to take healthy eating and regular physical activity practice, in order to not get the disease, or at least prolong the time of its inception.
There are some studies that are still at the hypothesis, that say it is discovered a method that will enable full recovery of the disease, with surgery, like any other disease?
Healing the operation, the so-called bariatrike surgery, already is a reality in developed countries, as well as in the region. This operator intervention and obese patients with type 2 diabetes, makes permanent healing of disease in 95% of such patients. With this intervention operator, means some types of operations, which aim to reduce the stomach first, then link or bypass of the small stomach small intestine, making this event possible need for less food and reducing absorbing surface. But, not all obese patients with type 2 diabetes can undergo this operation. Of course there are criteria to undergo the operation and, above all, the biggest success is the patients who were recently diagnosed with the disease. This intervention is allowed by the IDF (International Diabetes Federation) in 2011, as one of the treatment options diabetes type 2. Now, regarding the hypotheses that you mention, they already are practical theory, while explaining how this method makes cured diabetes, there have been discussions at hipotezazh, having thought that healing can come from weight reduction. However, this was rejected by recent studies, which are based on metabolic effects that occur in the body since the first days after the operation, yet without losing weight so good, after this operation the blood sugar level is normalized , namely the need for drugs is zero.Therefore, this type of operation today called metabolic surgery.
Healing the operation, the so-called bariatrike surgery, already is a reality in developed countries, as well as in the region. This operator intervention and obese patients with type 2 diabetes, makes permanent healing of disease in 95% of such patients. With this intervention operator, means some types of operations, which aim to reduce the stomach first, then link or bypass of the small stomach small intestine, making this event possible need for less food and reducing absorbing surface. But, not all obese patients with type 2 diabetes can undergo this operation. Of course there are criteria to undergo the operation and, above all, the biggest success is the patients who were recently diagnosed with the disease. This intervention is allowed by the IDF (International Diabetes Federation) in 2011, as one of the treatment options diabetes type 2. Now, regarding the hypotheses that you mention, they already are practical theory, while explaining how this method makes cured diabetes, there have been discussions at hipotezazh, having thought that healing can come from weight reduction. However, this was rejected by recent studies, which are based on metabolic effects that occur in the body since the first days after the operation, yet without losing weight so good, after this operation the blood sugar level is normalized , namely the need for drugs is zero.Therefore, this type of operation today called metabolic surgery.
A person who for a short period at the rate of hypoglycaemia has a set, but then fails to maintain the correct rate of blood glucose, called diabetic, or person with an indication for being with diabetes?
There is a group of individuals who have tolerance impaired fasting glucose, which means morning glikeminë have> 5.6 mmol / L (or 100 mg / dL), but <7mmol / L (or 126 mg / dL), or another group, who have glikeminë after two hours of load test called OGTT glucose over 7.8 mmol / L (or 140 mg / dL) and less than 11.1 mmol / L (or 200 mg / dL). These two groups of people are known by the term paradiabetik therefore are at risk to develop the disease and if they make a healthy, so those discussed above, this risk is reduced, or at least extended the time of the occurrence of diabetes. Of course, with these interventions, ie healthy nutrition and regular physical activity, can normalize the border glikemive levels.
There is a group of individuals who have tolerance impaired fasting glucose, which means morning glikeminë have> 5.6 mmol / L (or 100 mg / dL), but <7mmol / L (or 126 mg / dL), or another group, who have glikeminë after two hours of load test called OGTT glucose over 7.8 mmol / L (or 140 mg / dL) and less than 11.1 mmol / L (or 200 mg / dL). These two groups of people are known by the term paradiabetik therefore are at risk to develop the disease and if they make a healthy, so those discussed above, this risk is reduced, or at least extended the time of the occurrence of diabetes. Of course, with these interventions, ie healthy nutrition and regular physical activity, can normalize the border glikemive levels.
When a person has just realized that is affected by diabetes, the medication should be taken once, as paradiabetik, being treated with a strong food regimen, or should immediately start medication?
If a person is diagnosed as diabetic, as a form The first treatment is immediate change of lifestyle, so meticulous care in making and choosing healthy food and physical activity. Then, if this form of treatment does not start treatment with drugs, if diabetes type 2. If type 1 diabetes should be initiated immediately with insulin. The difference between these types lies in the action of insulin resistance or reduce its secretion, which is characteristic of type 2, as well as the complete lack of insulin secretion that is type 1.
If a person is diagnosed as diabetic, as a form The first treatment is immediate change of lifestyle, so meticulous care in making and choosing healthy food and physical activity. Then, if this form of treatment does not start treatment with drugs, if diabetes type 2. If type 1 diabetes should be initiated immediately with insulin. The difference between these types lies in the action of insulin resistance or reduce its secretion, which is characteristic of type 2, as well as the complete lack of insulin secretion that is type 1.
Yes medicines for diabetics, what side effects have?
Like any bar or other medications, even those which apply to the treatment of type 2 diabetes have some side effects, which are often unnoticed by patients and rarely can force patients to 'interrupt them. The most common side effects are hypoglycaemia or decrease blood sugar, as well as gastrointestinal problems such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
Like any bar or other medications, even those which apply to the treatment of type 2 diabetes have some side effects, which are often unnoticed by patients and rarely can force patients to 'interrupt them. The most common side effects are hypoglycaemia or decrease blood sugar, as well as gastrointestinal problems such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
What is the worst form of a person with diabetes?
The most severe form of a person with diabetes are ketoatotike state or coma and coma hiperosmolare. Both are known as diabetic coma, which is characterized by extremely high hypoglycaemia, dehydration condition and often loss of consciousness and is not urgent intervention enter, can be life threatening. Also Komat hypoglycemic characterized by extremely low hypoglycaemia and loss of consciousness are being equally threatening.Therefore, education of patients with diabetes is very important, precisely to avoid these situations, which are the consequence of irregular treatment.
The most severe form of a person with diabetes are ketoatotike state or coma and coma hiperosmolare. Both are known as diabetic coma, which is characterized by extremely high hypoglycaemia, dehydration condition and often loss of consciousness and is not urgent intervention enter, can be life threatening. Also Komat hypoglycemic characterized by extremely low hypoglycaemia and loss of consciousness are being equally threatening.Therefore, education of patients with diabetes is very important, precisely to avoid these situations, which are the consequence of irregular treatment.
Is it true that a sick with diabetes have lower immunity? And is it true that one affected by this disease are likely to live less than another without touching?
Yes it is true, diabetics immune system is damaged and as a result, diabetics often tend to able pass gripoze or bacterial infections and Mould.This has several explanations, but most often happens that these microorganisms become more virulent or infectious in an environment with high hypoglycaemia. A diabetic who takes care of his illness in a continuous manner in all aspects except treatment with drugs, he has the same lifespan as a person who has diabetes, but it does not happen often, especially in our population. While, if not well cared about the disease and are constantly had irregular hypoglycaemia, surely it affects life expectancy of these patients. And this is a result of complications, which occur especially cardiac and kidney, which directly affect the life expectancy of diabetics.
Yes it is true, diabetics immune system is damaged and as a result, diabetics often tend to able pass gripoze or bacterial infections and Mould.This has several explanations, but most often happens that these microorganisms become more virulent or infectious in an environment with high hypoglycaemia. A diabetic who takes care of his illness in a continuous manner in all aspects except treatment with drugs, he has the same lifespan as a person who has diabetes, but it does not happen often, especially in our population. While, if not well cared about the disease and are constantly had irregular hypoglycaemia, surely it affects life expectancy of these patients. And this is a result of complications, which occur especially cardiac and kidney, which directly affect the life expectancy of diabetics.
What is the biggest enemy of this disease, sugar or fats? Is it true that red meat makes it worse, than anything else?
Diabetics simultaneously maintaining control of glycemia, should have to rate the level of fats in the blood, because diabetes is a metabolic disease.Therefore it is recommended to be careful in the consumption of foods that are plant-based fats, or those rich in essential fats that are present in fish oil, olive oil, sun flower and corn. While, in terms of meat and its products, diabetics should consume no more than twice during the week red meat during lunch, while other days chicken and preferably once a week, fish.Proteins are needed every day to be consumed, but not necessarily those of animals. I constantly recommend my patients to consume plant proteins, which can be found in peas, soya, beans, broccoli and other vegetables.Except red meat protein is fairly large amount of animal fats and are not recommended to wear often. Also patients who have renal function impairment should receive limited amounts of animal protein, because otherwise further exacerbate this feature.
Diabetics simultaneously maintaining control of glycemia, should have to rate the level of fats in the blood, because diabetes is a metabolic disease.Therefore it is recommended to be careful in the consumption of foods that are plant-based fats, or those rich in essential fats that are present in fish oil, olive oil, sun flower and corn. While, in terms of meat and its products, diabetics should consume no more than twice during the week red meat during lunch, while other days chicken and preferably once a week, fish.Proteins are needed every day to be consumed, but not necessarily those of animals. I constantly recommend my patients to consume plant proteins, which can be found in peas, soya, beans, broccoli and other vegetables.Except red meat protein is fairly large amount of animal fats and are not recommended to wear often. Also patients who have renal function impairment should receive limited amounts of animal protein, because otherwise further exacerbate this feature.
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